Genus

Cystobasidium

Species

portillonense

Author

(Laich, Vaca & Chávez) Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai, M. Groenew. & Boekhout, Studies in Mycology 81: 173 (2015)

Class

Cystobasidiomycetes

Order

Cystobasidiales

Family

Cystobasidiaceae

Synonymy: = Rhodotorula portillonensis Laich, Vaca & Chávez, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63: 3889 (2013)

Cystobasidium (Lagerh.) Neuhoff, Bot. Arch.: 272 (1924)

Type species:

Cystobasidium lasioboli (Lagerh.) Neuhoff, Bot. Arch.: 273 (1924)

Marine species:

Cystobasidium portillonense (Laich, Vaca & Chávez) Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai, M. Groenew. & Boekhout, Studies in Mycology 81: 173 (2015)

          = Rhodotorula portillonensis Laich, Vaca & Chávez, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63: 3889 (2013)

Index Fungorum Number: 813108                         Faceoffungi Number:N/A

Saprobic, sexual morph: After 7 days on YM agar at 25 °C, colonies are circular (1.9–4.8 mm in diameter) or elliptical (up to 4.86 6.2 mm), pink–reddish-pigmented, butyrous, low convex, with circular and entire margins, and a smooth and glistening surface. On 5% malt extract agar (ME5 %), colonies are similar to those on YM, but the morphology is predominately circular (1.5–3.4 mm in diameter), salmon-pink-pigmented and flat or low convex (flatter than on YM). Cells in YM broth at 25 °C for 2 days are usually ellipsoidal (2.9–3.9 x 3.9–5.8 µm). In ME5% broth, cells are usually spherical (2.9–3.9 µm in diameter). In both media, reproduction occurs singly or in pairs by polar budding. After 1 month at 25 °C, sediment and thin ring formation is observed. Pseudohyphae and hyphae are not observed in Dalmau plate culture or corn meal agar after 21 days at 25 °C. Fermentation ability (glucose) is absent. Assimilates D-glucose, D-galactose (weak), L-sorbose (weak), D-xylose, a,a-trehalose, cellobiose, salicin (weak), arbutin, lactose (weak), melezitose, inulin (weak), glycerol, ribitol (weak), xylitol, D-glucitol, D-mannitol, 2-keto-D-Gluconate, 5-keto-D-gluconate, D-gluconate, D-glucuronate, DL-lactate (weak), succinate, L-malic acid and ethanol. No growth occurs on D-glucosamine, D-ribose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, sucrose, maltose, methyl a-D-glucoside, melibiose, raffinose, starch, erythritol, L-arabinitol, galactitol, myoinositol, D-glucono-c-lactone, D-galacturonate, citratepalatinose or methanol. Nitrogen compound assimilation tests are negative for nitrate, nitrite, ethylamine, cadaverine, creatine, creatinine and glucosamine, but weak for Lysine. No growth occurs on vitamin-free medium or in the presence of cycloheximide (0.01 %), acetic acid (1 %) or D-glucose (50 and 60 %). Growth on 10% NaCl plus 5% glucose is weak, but in 16% NaCl is negative. Urease hydrolysis and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive. No starch-like substance is produced. Acid production is negative. The maximum temperature for growth is 30 °C. The type strain, Pi2T (5CBS 12733T 5CECT 13081T) was isolated from a rock surface collected from shallow-water marine sediment in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Chilean Antarctica, in 2009.

 

Key references:

Bauer R, Begerow D, Sampaio JP, et al. (2006). The simple–septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis. Mycological Progress 5: 41–66.

Laich F, Vaca I, Chávez R (2013). Rhodotorula portillonensis sp. nov., a basidiomycetous yeast isolated from Antarctic shallow–water marine sediment. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 63: 3884–3891.

Nagahama T, Hamamoto M, Nakase T, Horikoshi K (2003). Rhodotorula benthica sp. nov. and Rhodotorula calyptogenae sp. nov., novel yeast species from animals collected from the deep–sea floor, and Rhodotorula lysiniphila sp. nov., which is related phylogenetically. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53(3): 897–903.

Wang QM, Yurkov, AM, Göker M, Lumbsch HT, Leavitt SD, Groenewald M, Theelen B, Liu XZ, Boekhout T, Bai, FY (2015). Phylogenetic classification of yeasts and related taxa within Pucciniomycotina. Studies in Mycology. 81:149–189.

 

Cystobasidium species reported from marine habitats:

No key is attempted as yeasts are better identified based on molecular data and assimilation tests.

  1. Cystobasidium benthicum (Nagah. et al.) A.M. Yurkov et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107: 180 (2015)
  2. Cystobasidium calyptogenae (Nagah. et al.) A.M. Yurkov et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107: 181 (2015)
  3. Cystobasidium minuta (Saito) A.M. Yurkov et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107: 180 (2015)
  4. Cystobasidium pallidum (Lodder) A.M. Yurkov et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107: 181 (2015)
  5. Cystobasidium portillonense (F. Laich, I. Vaca & R. Chávez) Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai, M. Groenew. & Boekhout, 107: 181 (2015)
  6. Cystobasidium slooffiae (E.K. Novák & Vörös–Felkai) A.M. Yurkov et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107: 180 (2015).
Type & Location:
Other Specimens:
Substratum:
Saprobic, sediments, seawater.
Habitat:
Distribution:
Chilean Antarctica.
Pertinent Literature:
Comments:
NOTES: The family Cystobasidiaceae comprises the genera Occultifur and Cystobasidium, as well as species previously classified in the genus Rhodotorula (Bauer et al. 2006). Seventeen Cystobasidium species are accepted by Wang et al. (2015) of which six are found in marine habitats: Cystobasidium benthicum, C. calyptogenae, C. minuta, C. pallidum, C. portillonense, and C. sloffiae. Marine species are recovered from a variety of substrata including animals, sediments and seawater.

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